Reflection on spring 2012 Semester

        English 1A was not an easy course but was not difficult at the same time. When the class first started at the beginning of the semester, i was a little nervous but then once the class started getting into writing and more writing i became to enjoy it more than be nervous. English is one of my favorite subjects and when it comes to writing i put my heart to it because its one of my favorite things to do and take the time to do. Although, i don't like writing about topics that don't interest me. I can write an excellent paper or paragraph if it is something i want and love to write about. English 1A taught me so much this semester and really got me prepared for English 1B. I learned so many things in English 1A that i did not know when i first walked into the classroom, For an example, i learned quote Sandwiches, signal phrases, MLA format and learning how to cite information from a book,website,database and more. English 1A was a fun learning experience and i am furthermore excited to take English 1B. Even though, i wish ms.Knapp was teaching English 1B. She is overall the best English teacher and teaches everything to meet thr requirement to pass an English class. She provides good teaching to prepare you to write perfect essays! Writing my first research paper was difficult and fun at the same time. It took a lot of time and i did spent a lot of time on it. Overall, English 1A was very successful and i learned so many things to help me to prepare for my English and my future. 

Final Research Paper

                                                       

Natalie R. Neri                                                                                                                                                               

Professor Knapp

English 1A

23, May 2012

                                                                                                                       

                      The Hollywood Scene to the California Water Rights after the 1860’s

      Today’s society rarely appreciates the easy access Californians have to clean water. However, there have always been difficulties and controversies with water throughout the West. In my research of the history of California Water Rights and contemporary issues in the Los Angeles area, I will show that without the past water controversies and debates, “Hollywood” would not exist, as it does today. In relation to common sense, we know that there would be no “Hollywood” without water, in fact, the earth wouldn’t be a sustainable place to live, let alone in California. Also, California’s Water Rights and their amendments, connect to the Owens Valley, and the separation of water between U.S and Mexico, and the farming lands and rights in California. Therefore, the abilities of California’s Water Rights in the 1900’s, and dividing the control of water generally circles and connects to the management of local history which took place in Los Angeles. Also, The film China Town represents and connects to Water Rights and industries that show how important water is in the world and why there was controversy happening. In this paper, I will examine the battle over California Water Rights by summarizing important scenes and issues from this film to help explain this complex historical issue.

      In 1937, Hollywood was a whole different environment compared with today’s Hollywood in 2012. Hollywood has become the ultimate city, with a history and a society only compared to the great New York City. However, when studying the history of Hollywood, people can barely imagine a city that big without running water, the way it once was. Furthermore, pipes and water traveling through the city is what makes our Hollywood so advanced, resourceful and a truly thriving icon. The movie China Town which stares Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway represents ongoing controversy and manipulation to land rights and Los Angeles reserves. The Film was set in Los Angeles, and was inspired by the California Water Wars, in which farming and irrigation improved and was celebrated in this great time for water advancement during 1910 and 1920.

      The movie china town was a very old fashion and classical movie. When it first arrived into Los Angeles, Hollywood, they were presenting the movie in black and white. The film China Town is about a man who is involved with a murder case involving the privatization of water through state, and will face threats of legal action. China Town was a very popular movie back in the 1970’s and was a classical and intense movie which served the purpose of educating the public of the real life California Water Rights. Also, a man named William Mulholland who was born September .11, 1855 and died on July.22, 1935 was the head of the L.A department of water and power. Mulholland allowed and took responsibility for the disputes and arguments of the California Rights and the structures of the water, along with the Dams, Rivers and Lakes. Mulholland was also a worker on the Colorado River which became a huge controversy between the United States and Mexico, when they had an argument dividing their waters.

         The Owens Valley also was a setting for disagreements and drama concerning water. The Owens Valley is located near the Sierra Nevada, and is between South Lake Tahoe and Los Angeles, in Hollywood. The Owens Valley in eastern California represents incorporation, protest and local culture. The Owens Valley was settled in the 19^th century before water became the main connection throughout the whole world. The eastern United States was developed and watched California struggle for water. The Owens valley was very bold when it comes to the landscape in California. The Sierra Nevada Mountains was more toward the eastern side of the valley floor. According to John Walton, Nevada rises from the valley floor at 4,000 feet to the granite peaks of Mount Whitney at 14,495 and the east barren White Mountains appear soft by contrast despite their 11,000-foot stature (Walton 3). There is a wide variety of ranges when talking about mountain peaks and the valley being compacted. A contrast of what makes the valley comfortable and forbidding. The showings of the mood shifts in the day are shadows of bringing the bright days and the connection to the mountains. John Walton states, “The Owens River winding a leisurely course southward, businesslike towns, and, between todays settlements, the tumbledown markers of a once dense network of hamlets and farm sites” (Walton 3). Theoretically, a man named John C. Fremont and his forces, named the Owens Valley currently in 1845, in which belonged to the Indians in the past. Currently, the Owens Valley belongs to the City of Los Angeles, which gives the valley about two-hundred and forty miles of supply of irrigation and water to fifteen million people. There has been a vast improvement in the water distribution and consumption in the Owens Valley. When the valley was first settled, people did not have any access to water, no way to water their crops, or even have clean drinking water. Today, the opposite is true; water is easily accessible for anything imaginable.

       Generations that migrated to the west were conquering the spirit of manifest destiny. Physical infrastructure and the wilderness are an example of a symbol toward the settlement of the Owens Valley. According to John Walton, “It is tempting to suppose, as some do, that waterworks determined history in the arid American west; but the reverse is closer to the truth” (5). The human agency and the development of the Americans show the significance of water and the operation of water. There have been claims and struggles over dominion and the use of resources such as Land, subsoil, air, water and generally the environment. These claims affected the American West in a horrible way, although the resources that were provided helped a lot with our water cycle.

       The U.S history that comes together in the western development and the different patterns that wrap around the California Water Rights have evolved in one local society. John Walton explains, “In the Owens valley, which history developed in a series of critical epochs and passengers. The Military conquest destroyed Paiute civilization but incorporated its technology and labor power as essential features of the frontier economy” (6). Stating that although the Owens Valley has a rough and tragic history, overall it did benefit the growth and evolution of the Owens Valley. It was these influences that made California, and specifically the Los Angeles area, one of the most technological and socially advanced areas in entire world, as well as a major source of Wealth, prestige, and class. It was amazing that current day in Hollywood once was just a small farm town with no water at all. Teddy Roosevelt supported a federal reclamation, which was held in 1902 and local citizens were convinced that salvation meant progressivism. It took about four years until the citizens had the support of the federal government to transfer water to Los Angeles. Eight years later, the Owens Valley had argued and fought with strategies and focused on rebelling to the political protest, which connects to law of Water Rights. Certain battles that went on in the 1920’s lost, but eventually the community won in the 1970’s under environmentalism.  Although, the Owens Valley had experienced three state regimes, emerging of both nature and duration from the historical evidence, the periods of time were impacted on the local history.  

        In my research I am focusing on California Water Rights, but also looking at an important connection the United States dealt with concerning water rights throughout the world. A lot of controversy between the United States and Mexico happened, and therefore lead to further protest. Protest began with the Rio Grande project having a proposal, as well as the Colorado River in the United States. The exciting thing for the United States and Mexico was that they agreed to come to a solution to divide the two rivers equally. However, it did not end up that simple. Norris Hundley points out, “Welles said nothing about the Amount of the Colorado river water his offer entailed, but he thought it would be approximately 1,000,000 acre-feet” (97).  Sumner Welles, who was an undersecretary of state and did not come up with a problem to solve so therefore, he was saying he thought there was much usage of water and was giving a lot to Mexico but Welles did not know what his finalization on the figure. Unfortunately, the United States denied Mexico to the dispute and moreover, in 1940’s the Americans had lost the fight with the Mexicans and it was a big deal at the time. Overall, the argument here is the International Rivers, and was a serious and important affect to the nation. This is a showing of national interest to a solution of a denser colonization and the construction that leads to population and wealth (Hundley 99). Mexico on the other hand, whom was very frustrated at the time, wanted the water to make sure it would be used and beneficial, and also to develop electric energy for upcoming businesses. Their secretary of Foreign affairs analyzed this idea, and thought it out while she convinced the United States to finalize water usage on both rivers for future Mexican water uses on the Colorado River. Eventually, Mexico pressed the state department based on proposals, but since the United States was refusing a treaty that Mexico proposed in January of 1941. Mexico became inpatient with the United States, and no longer wanted to work together to find an agreeable solution.  

        On the other hand, to find a legal position between the United States and Mexico, we know that water is a very important resource in the world and concerns people all over the world. The International Law was a high and powerful law in the nation and concerns the use of water for irrigation means, and the two argued over their border streams. Neither Mexico nor the United States took control on the law because conflicts would be denied anyways. International Law was influenced and created by treaties with nations. Treaties are invisible on some certain powers; for an example, nations deal with their own problems and decide to settle the problem in their own way, when one nation has their differences, then the other nation does not need to settle the same. Politics, geography and economics are rules given to create a treaty. Both the United States and Mexico labeled the International Law in which was the use of both their rivers. Both nations came to the fact that once the treaties were argued after the Mexican War, which was right around the boundaries of the United States. Norris Hundley explains, “Since settlement in the region was sparse, they gave no thought to the development of the basins or to any future conflicts that might arise over water” (18). In brief context, settlement between the two was a problem, so they put no effort into the situation and had no thought on the matter of water usage. The point of the International Law was to help come to a conclusion to set boundaries for the United States and Mexico, and to come to the conditions and solving of the situation.

         Moving forward to the Water Rights Laws surrounding the 19^th century and the Dual Systems and watercourses that focused on Water Rights. There were two basic rights that surrounded the use of water in the western course, which was the Doctrine Prior, which lead to the second duel system, The Riparian Doctrine. These two conflicts between the doctrines have a huge part in the ideal of the courts, and the history of the state. The Doctrine Prior explains how to use water and separating and using it, for beneficial reasons with the guidance of the constitutional law by the courts. Although, Wells A. Hutchins explains,” The water may be used on or in connection with lands away from streams, as well as lands contiguous to streams” (40). Stating the use of water to be used in an appropriate way in which the watercourses are in good quantity when the water is available. Furthermore, having the right to water availability for any purpose of a beneficial reason to dominate how important water is.  Determining the Doctrine of Riparian to the west, in which the owner of the land directed watercourse and the right to use water. Also, relating the Industrial and Irrigation matters, the water to be used for the purpose to use the water beneficially and for a purpose, instead of wasting it. Although, the Doctrine and the Riparian had one over the other, they were both needed to have the beneficial support for these watercourses. The Doctrine of Riparian in fact needed to have the same source of supply to be fair to owners of the lands. With respect toward both watercourses, the must of having the rights to a same stream of sharing water usage and the amount of irrigation rights.

        Supporting these two watercourses of the Duel System of Water Rights in California, and is essential in understanding the history of California and how they were established in custom back when they were written. Establishing the Appropriation Doctrine and the way it came about, the development and the association of gold and water use, to extract the grounds of the mining process in the power of water was essential. Moreover, the rights to the usage of water became very important. For an example, the mineral lands in the sierra foothills were a connection to Mexico at the time the gold was discovered. Also, the treaty that is explained and mentioned earlier in the research was ceded by the United States and the gold-bearing lands were open toward the United States. The Riparian Doctrine is relates to the union of legislature and the passing of the act, and the law of England. It was revealed that the constitution of the United States was inconsistent with the constitution of the state. In 1886, The Riparian Doctrine was taken by the California Legislative as the common law in England, and denied all the others including Civil Law, and Roman law or Mexican Law. The Doctrine Riparian was not stable of the common law. Although, it was the first decision in California and became the major effect on the rule of the Riparian State. In this case, the rights of the Riparian Owners on the one hand, the use of water of the Kern River and the irrigation of the land- after this case was in court for about eight years (Hutchins 52). For an example, the Kern River in the 1870’s was diverted and had its beneficial of certain operations. The water diversions which took place from the river have taken a lot of agreements. The agriculture extensive and the great hold of the issues of the Kern River were involving the importance of the rapid irrigation. Overall, these two watercourses of the Doctrines became the laws of Water Rights in the Duel System and wrapping it into a solution of coming to a fair conclusion with the rivers and using the water the appropriate way.

     In conclusion, California Water Rights in the 1800’s are obviously a lot different than today’s life with water and the rights in today’s society. The effect of our society in today’s life with water in Hollywood in Los Angeles makes it clear that there would be no Los Angeles “Hollywood” if there were not any water, and if there were no conflicts of being fair with dividing the water in the area. This analysis shows that the control of water rights and the problems of Civilization and the Constitution have always been a struggle throughout history.  Jack Nicolson, who is a very famous actor, shows the importance in his film China Town and how Water Rights affected people and the life back in the past which connects to society today and how the present is.

                                                                     Works Cited

"Chinatown (1974)." Chinatown (1974). Web. 22 May 2012. <http://www.filmsite.org/chin.html>.

Hundley, Norris. Dividing the Waters: A Century of Controversy between the United States and Mexico. Berkeley: University of California, 1966. Print.

Hutchins, Wells A. The California Law of Water Rights. [California]: State Engineer of California, 1956. Print.

Walton, John. Western times and Water Wars: State, Culture, and Rebellion in California. Berkeley: University of California, 1992. Print.

Annotated Bibliographys

                                                        Annotated Bibliography

”Water Rights Laws in the Nineteen Western States." Google Books. Web. 26 Apr. 2012. <http://books.google.com/books?id=WoKa8ZffE1gC>.

       Reading the authors research on “water Rights Laws surrounding the 19^th Century” and that data that I analyzed was telling me about the Dual Systems and watercourses of the water rights. Basic two rights of the use of water in the western water course were the Doctrine Prior Appropriation and the Riparian Doctrine. All together were 17 western states each but generally 8 western states had the authority to reject to the riparian doctrine of water rights. Furthermore, doctrine and the rights to use water are by splitting of water and applying and using it for beneficial reasons. The Showing the quality of water and the right use of water on such land for beneficial purposes. One of the Doctrine prior appropriations developed in the west with the principal of “first in time” and “first in right”. The united states of American were restricted to the public lands in which had no effect on the private lands. Determining the Doctrine of Riparian to the west, in which was the owner of the land to the watercourse and the right to use of water. Relating to the industrial and irrigation of purposes made to the topic of water use to be beneficial.

            Stating the California water rights and the authors researched based on the Kern River since the 1870’s in which was diverted and had its beneficial of certain operations. The water diversions which took place from the river have taken a lot of agreements. In 1964 there was a state water board connecting to the Kern River to make a pursuant if the water rights decision. The rivers and the consequently indicating the Kern River were denied. Also, the steam declaration on the Kern River and analyzing the water rights in local history in the late 1800’s. In 1976, the Kern Delta Water District had held their rights on the Kern River. Stating the Kern River had a lot of opportunities and had to have the “rights” with the water rights and their choices.

                                                            Western Times and Water Wars

Walton, John. Western times and Water Wars: State, Culture, and Rebellion in California. Berkeley: University of California, 1992. Print.

         The authors research on the novel of the Western Times and Water Wars took place in the 1900’s and the use of this data is navigating on the Owens Valley in California near Nevada. The approval from the state California is to make sure justice, citizens and the people on the outside with a protest. The state is convinced from the foster social with a privilege to some powers to the public interest. Therefore, toward the state, and the divide separating the believed people in action to a political thinking toward the social movements in which have the same political process. In the state there is the collective action in which involves voluntarism and structuralism. The relationship between collective in the action, the state, (wax Weber) in the human community in the force of society. Such, at least, by analyzing the novel of the first part showing the detail with analogies and the point of a valley and network of small towns in east California which includes the states formation and incorporation, also protest and a feature of the local culture.

Week 10: Aspect to zoot suits

        Analyzing the research of the article "From Zoot suits to Hip Hop: Towards a relational Chicana studies” by Luis Alvarez and the abstract of the article and traces on the main focuses like race and the cultural exchange between Chicana/o and Latin. These focuses also trace the African American and Asian American since the World War II. Moving forward, the zoot suits had a trace of civil rights movement art and the hip hop culture.

        In my opinion, the pieces of culture and racism are hard functioning and struggle with dignity.  Looking over the research article that was written at San Diego, CA and my responding to the article are informed by ethnicity and racism in the world and going back to history of the civil war. While I was reading page after page it started to get difficult as I read through the research paper. It was on ideas that were hard to comprehend and first. The wording and the statements said in the research article are much formatted and gives excellent support on each topic that was written about in the article. Also, the reading of the article would get difficult when they are using Spanish words in the mix of English, especially for non-Spanish speakers. As I kept reading, the article was getting easier and more understandable to read. It would go both ways until I got to the very end of the story. It was actually becoming very interesting; I was reading and learning stuff I never even knew.

        Talking about racism and people’s culture and their identity is a huge topic that could continue on a conversation for a long period of time. Talking about different people and presidents with different race is a very interesting conversation to talk about. Furthermore, the article goes on about the world and culture and the globalization. Also talks about topics like with World War II as stated before and the youth culture of the terrain academia. The music and the “oldies” are from a before in time when they had a different sound affect and different clothing.  The men from the zoot suits had old fashion hats with the long slacks and a suit jacket on the upper part. They sang away because their culture and dignity showed that they were a famous group. The singers had canes that were used on stage also and added a feature to their appearance. The crowd and public loved the zoot suits overall. They were all surrounding the research of the teaching interests include a race and ethnicity also posted in the World War II popular culture and social movements act.

        The research article made my thinking and knowledge more prepared to write my research paper for my English class. Learning, reading, and the format of an example of a research article to show is how it should be done and the type of information and research was put together. Reading the racism and culture in the world and in the past has opened my mind more clearly about these topics.

Music and Culture paper

Music and Culture

         Music and Culture come in so many unique, fun interesting and natural thoughts especially when it comes to the music and bands that represent people’s culture in a way that celebrate their ethnicity. Music and culture in my opinion are two huge topics in people’s lives. A culture for someone is what makes a person proud of whom they are and the music following that person makes them who they are. Music has only got more technology, but back in the 1960’s there was a band called the Beatles. They were a band that toured extensively around the world. The Beatles came into America from England long after the group started selling their albums.

         Along with John Lennon and Paul McCartney, these artists are also very famous singers who have been around the same time as the band the Beatles. The Beatles had a band of four and were traveling the world with their talent in music. Also, connecting the Beatles with culture in a way of calling their music the “oldies” and how they represent themselves to the world. People fell in love with the rock and roll music and the culture of people being “hippies” and the public loving the beats, sounds and feeling that came out of the Beatles lyrics. The Beatles hit number one in the nation when they came into the United States. The “oldies” and “rock N roll was the popular music back in the 1960’s and 1970’s is where it all began for the Beatles.

       My personal experience, along with my family, my mother is in love with the Beatles and has them all over the house. She has been listening to them since she was a teenager in high school at the age 16 years old. My mother and her friends would blast the Beatles because the rhythm and beat is what made their music so special. The Beatles have a lot of courage and talent to show the world and showing their historical part about them is very interesting. The Band is not together anymore unfortunately because two of the gentleman passed away years ago.  The Beatles had a main song that was always played by the public and was always listened too. The song is called “Come Together”, and this song showed a lot and how the band the Beatles represent themselves by their music genre and their historical lives to how they became known.

          Analyzing the research paper by Luis Alvarez, Music was an “Intellectual part of the Zoot subculture” (6). This brought together many musicians and caused bands to collaborate their culture in to one and also saw their realities. Also, a culture and the attitude people had were motivated by peers and desires. Alvarez states “The Non- white youth showed that another social world was possible” (7). Furthermore, this helped grow on the Jim Crow segregation.

         Music and Culture are main points all around in a person’s life. The Beatles are a very old band in which have influenced thousands of people from all over the world and from the culture history of the Beatles comes from their hometown England along with their talented voices. Analyzing the band the Beatles and the “Zoot-Zoot” is a comparison but also have a lot of culture connection; the same as different cultural like “Chicana” and “Latina”. The Beatles show of the ethnic through their music and identity.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNSy4DX60vk

WEEK 8 #3

       When it comes to writing about music, I can talk and explain a lot when it comes to music in general. Music is a part of every individual in the world in my opinion. Music can change a lot in a person in a good way. Music in my opinion can’t really change someone in a bad way because music is supposed to make people feel better and to listen to what the artist is singing about.

        When it comes to music, I am in love with all types of music but I mostly enjoy listening to R&B rap, soul, and lay back music with good lyrics. I don’t like sad music at all; it just puts me in a bad mood.  One of my all-time favorite songs is from Adele. She is an awesome artist who writes her own music and my favorite song from her is called “someone like you”. She sings this song with her soul and heart and you can feel the melody when she is singing it and how much effort she puts into the meaningful song. Another one of my favorite songs is by a really popular band that just got popular but was always a famous artist. His name was Gotye in which he originally sang “somebody that I used to know”. His song got really popular all of a sudden in the last couple months because of the lyrics of the song and how he forms his words together. The meaning of the song explains a lot in my life which I love because every time I hear the song, it gets me in a really good mood and I love it. This song was not popular in February and then all of a sudden got thousands of views on you tube and a lot of people supporting them as they wrote the song. Everywhere you go in public, you hear the song “somebody that I used to know” playing in every speaker. It is my all-time favorite song, not only because the lyrics but because the melody and his guitar playing which is very unique how he plays the instrument. A lot of ladies love this song because they can really relate to the song and the lyrics of what Goyte has to say in his songs. He uses very sensitive and creative words in his songs and shows his gift off to the entire world. He has an amazing voice, along with his band that is always with him making records and supporting the lead singer Goyte. It is the top number one song in the world right now and has the highest number of views on you tube with him and his 4 other band members all playing on the guitar with one finger all on the same melody and singing along. It was the best video ever made and touches a lot of individual’s heart and a lot of people just fell in love with the song. These are my top two favorite but most of all Goyte, he is a wonderful artist who writes his own music.

IDENTITY ROUGH DRAFT

                                                                          Identity

         Identity comes natural in every person’s life and is very important aspect in a person’s life to know the details and definition of their own identity. Connecting my own self-identity to the story “How to Tame a Wild Tongue" by Gloria Anzaludua and relating my personal life through identity has some positives. My identity in my personal opinion is very average but has a connection through my culture, identity gender, language and family. 

         Growing up I was always taught the right way to perform in life, all thanks to my father. My father was always on me for a good reason, which is to keep my focus on track in my life. My family grew up in Long Island, New York as well as Brooklyn, New York. Growing up with a Sicilian family and hearing accents all the time make my gender that much stronger. Females in the United States always have a boost more than men. Females and males do get deprived a lot at the same time. When being around a Sicilian family and being born in another state, gets you adapted to that lifestyle.  My family is usually loud, and we are known to be loud because of our culture and growing into it.

           My identity involves a lot as in family, food, and my culture. Living with an Italian family, I always smell the homemade eggplant, rigatoni and pasta with hot steam coming up from the top in which my mother makes in the kitchen. When my mom starts cooking, I know that we will be having a really good dinner by just taking a breather and smelling the red tomato sauce pasta being cooked. My father was always cooking as well, he was always known for being at the BBQ, the smell of the homemade BBQ sauce to marinate onto the ribs. My father loves the preparation of getting a meal together for his family. It is my father’s favorite thing to do. Also, Relating Gloria story and what her family was like Anzaldua writes, “Homemade white cheese sizzling in a pan, melting inside a folded tortilla” (111). She explains what her identity is formed off and food was a major image in Gloria mind.  My family is very large and I have a lot of cousins through both sides of my Sicilian family. An aspect of having a huge family, in which they are all very hyper and loud, always comes to me in a good way. Family is blood in which they will be by your side forever.  I remember my family always going to my grandmother’s house because her house was the main house we have dinners out. I walk in my grandmothers front door,” Grandma!! I can hear you from a block away to when I was pulling up into the driveway, who were you speaking to?” I asked. My grandma replies, “I was not talking to any one Natalie, I was just talking to everyone in the family”. Therefore, Italians talk loud and not only to one person but they have multiple conversations at one time. Culture comes big in my gender in which I was grew up in the Italian-American culture relating this to Gloria Anzaludua’s story of her identity,  Mexican-American and can speak Spanish and English.  My culture growing up was the daily routine; school, homework, play, shower and then bedtime again when I was a little girl.

     Overall, shaping my identity in my own life has a big part in a person in every way; gender, culture and language all feature a huge part in my life also connected to Gloria Anzaluda story. I felt my closer connection was about her story and I could relate more to what she had said in her story.   

Mercury Reader: A Custom Publication. New York: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2010. Print.    

week 7: #2

        Reading Anzaldua story “How to Tame a Wild Tongue” by Gloria Anzaldua, about her identity and how it was shaped by her culture or religion and the history of her language was very interesting to read and hear how her identity shaped her. Connecting her story with my identity is a lot alike but there are some differences in between us. My identity is very straight forward I am full Sicilian but I was not born in Italy. My family grew up in Long Island, Brooklyn New York. Comparing my identity to Anzaldua and her identity speaking Latin and being Mexican and "Chicana" you can tell was struggles for her because of the way she was explaining the story and I can relate because I can speak full English and my family was born in New York but I do not know how to speak full Italian. Furthermore, my aunts and uncles all have accents and do speak full English. Gloria was a Mexican-American writer and relating to me, I am an excellent writer with full understandings of English but am only is speaking a little bit of Italian language. Gloria telling us in her story about her language and when it was almost "not okay" to speak Spanish or she would get something said to her. “I remember being caught speaking Spanish at recess-that was good for three licks on the knuckles with a sharp ruler"(103). Therefore, Gloria didn’t feel comfortable even speaking her own language in which she speaks daily. In my opinion, that is not right and not fair. If I were in Gloria position, I would have done something even though at the time it was a different time period. There should be a right to people who speak a language, can have every right to speak it at school and wherever they go. Today is different, all peoples identity shape who they are today and who they will become today. Learning or already knowing two languages is a 100% positive to have when having a job or getting a career to live your life successful.  My identity is known for myself and having the rights to a lot things and not be getting “yelled” at or having to be insecure about yourself because you are speaking your own language out at school. Today if a lady and man were in Gloria position, the world would be a whole racist community. Back in the day, people knew what their identity was but for the most part they did care if people were colored skin, spoke a different language, walked a certain way or had an ascent.  When able to speak two different languages, you can really feel and relate to Gloria because she basically talks about in her story that she is mistreated and unable to speak her own language even when she is just trying to tell the teacher how to pronounce  her name. When telling someone that speaks two languages to stop speaking another language other than English said is going to ruin the Spanish language. Although, Gloria went through a hard time with her identity and the way it surrounded her was very unfair. I made a connection to Gloria by having the two languages and the feeling of what people think about it and have to say

Week 6: #3

        When it comes to growing up and becoming a teenager and then becoming an adult really gets your mind to thinking. Talking about chores and the fact that they have been around for millions of years in families and growing up. I had very modern chores around my household when I was growing up. There are four people in my family; my dad, mom, brother and myself. Chores came very easily and natural in my family. It was easier because there were four of us and my parents were always doing a chore around the house. My father was always barbequing, taking out the garbage’s, taking care of the back yard, carrying heavy objects, and the manly father stuff a father would do. On the other hand, he loved doing all that stuff. These I would call chores, it was something he was doing every single day. My mother would do what a lady in the modern and now days would do as chores. Laundry, cleaning the house, vacuuming, dishes, keeping the house organized. All these things my mother was doing around my house every single day to make sure my brother and I lived in a good environment and learn to teach our kids to do chores and help their parents out as they get older. Also, learning and growing up to be respectful and to do whatever your parents ask. My brother and I had similar chores but they varied. My parents would make sure that my brother and I had our rooms always clean in case we had company over. My mom was always a very responsible and had a lot of hospitality toward her guests whether it was family or not. We always had to make sure that under our bed wasn’t cluttered with stuff so the dust can build up. My mom had me do a chore of watering the plants in the backyard and the front yard three times a week for about eight minutes every time. It is always important to keep the front and the back of your house green and not brown. My brother and I also had a chore of keeping our toys in the bucket. We both had so many toys and for the most part, the toys were always lying around everywhere to trip on. “ when you are done playing with the toy put it back in the bucket when you are finished with it then get another toy” my mom said. Which is very true, and my brother and I started slowing putting away our toys. All the chores my brother and I had to do when we were growing up were very modern and neutral. The roles my parents take on are very traditional gender roles for each gender male and female. My brother and I had very reasonable chores growing up; chores that we will make traditional to teach our kids how to be respectful and to help out their parents growing up as a young child. Chores are part of life and have a huge traditional effect on millions of families all from all over the world.

revision of the amendments

 Revising the Amendments:

Stating that the 13th amendment is an issue on the right to people neither slavery nor the involuntary servitude to commit a crime in which the party shall be convicted to the united states or any other place to their jurisdiction.

The fourteenth amendment is an issue on the all persons born to have the united states to be citizens and the reside of the united states. Also, that no shall state should have enforce on any of the laws or have the power to be citizens in the united states and congress  to furthermore enforce.

The fifteenth Amendment overall is an issue on the united states to have the right to vote and shall  not be denied or said no too. The united states by no circumstances accept congress, to confirm on race,color which comes from the servitude.

Journal write WEEK 5

1) Using the index of your textbook loop up: Dawes Severalty Act and paraphrase (including citations) what you learned.

Looking at the Dawes Severalty Act, in which was a law that was enforced and passed in 1887. It was the most important legal development in the Indian-white relations which was more than three centuries. Knowing they want to end the tribal- act the Dawes act let the tribal lands into small plots for giving each member in the tribe. Each tribal was a family, and each was given amounts of land and acres to children. They were sorted up in different amount of acres. The speculators had their eye on the tribal, in which the Indians wanted to have a backup plan in case so they had the federal government in trust since 25 years. Also, American citizenship that actually accepted the Indians was from the tribe and learned to adopt the civil life of gaining the white relations. The Dawes act took part in which 47 million of acres of property and land were given to Indians and their families. There was also another 90 million acres which were really fertile and were sold to the white settlers. Although Indians didn’t know much about farming or what it even was. There was a lease that was granted rather than attacking and chasing the land from the Indians. Farming was woman work, and in 1943, the government decided to have the idea of an ownership and in 138 million acres of Indian land decreased 48 million in which 1/2 was barren. In the tribal life, there was a main chief who was basically the main leader who was in charge of the unique life of living. It was basically a slaughter. It was finally realized when the plain Indians discovered that you can make leather out of buffalo which was around 1871. It was valuable leather in which hunters Williams F. “buffalo Bill” was also his hunting name. He was killing a lot of helpless beats between 1872-1874. A lot of people liked the taste and was basically all gone. There was also a “buffalo nickel” who was a designer. The Indians went to over board and were no longer could live off their buffalo in which there were a lot of problems going on with the Indians. For an example, poverty, unemployment, alcoholism all fell into the category of wards to the state. The Indians were forced to become like the whites and were expected to be able to read and write and started to appear into smaller areas which had became more crowded. The hunter Buffalo bill had a smart idea and he turned everything discussed above into a profitable business back in 1883. It was running for more than three decades in a row and showing off to the United States and Europe. Over more, it was coming to an end with the era so in 1885 they basically clustered into battle and little big horn performed in the show.


Divine, Robert A. America past and Present. 8th ed. Vol.2 Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall,2010.print.




 

Reflection Report

Looking at the reconstruction and learning about the historical events in the civil war that happened in the 1800's and up. Between all the executive and learning about the radicals and non-radicals as we did in our presentations today, we said our speech in which we were in the past when all these historical events were happening. Between the southern and the northerners there were a lot of miss communication and there was still doubt between the whites and the blacks. The land, violence, economic, humanitarian were all the reason for the civilization. The viewed it by freedman and recognizing the land and labor, the civil war of the south in the landscape and took effect in the economy. Everything was going out of hand, and tearing the city up with fire and what not. For example, like Richmond and Atlanta. Looking at the wealth, the confederate currency were gone and emancipation of the slaves were propertied of the productive assets and the wealth came in about 1865 is when it was half in 1860. Looking at the capital-labor relationship of sharecropping- and meant to have the fixed share to the crop produced. Blacks that were affecting with the sharecropping, there was a direction of landownership about Learning about the rule in the south. Do you think its fair republican rule in the south? 1867, Republican Party dominated a won the constitution in 1868 from the blacks to the slaves. There were a lot of difficulties that when on between the whites and the blacks. Southern corruption was to suffrage to uneducated blacks or to the radical reconstruction which was to have a claim. Blacks had more of responsibilities toward the radical and state government to have a few major offices. Also, black legislators have the accept ion  to have loans and the railroads for an example, in which people pay most for their votes and the men, who had their constituents on civil rights or educational issues. Also looking at the education in which blacks should have the right to vote or be able to learn just like the whites but there was always some kind of drama around. Introducing the black codes, they had no exceptions as to what they wanted. There were rules the “slaves” had to go through. In 1865-1866 is when the black codes were enforced and had the huge power affect to the blacks. There were also ex-slaves who had children and were enforcing the black codes with no choice. There was re-enslavement for many reasons to that. Freedman people have the slaves lined up and the slaves that were involved with marriage had their own definitions to the reasons they have children. 50% of slaves in their opinion did not get married legally. They chose to be with their partner and not follow the rules that can have affect on them but as of right now there is critizing people against them and furthermore will have the effect on their own children in the future. Yes, they did care for each other but did not care about the marriage.

Non-Radicals Speech

Non-Radical Speech

We favor the 13^th amendment, the emancipation of slavery, and the14th amendment to be secure in one’s house supported by Oath or affirmation of citizenship;   although our southern states are in economic turmoil, we— the leaders of this great country—must work together in order to regain economic security.  Before emancipation, the south had a stable economy.  After emancipation, the economy dropped 50% due to the “unemployment” of the newly freed slaves and the lack of resources available to the former plantation owners to hire these “freedmen”.  We would like to stop the inevitable southern economic collapse, by instating codes of demeanor.  The freedman is equal, but is an inexperienced in exercising the rights of citizenship; Many of these new citizens are unemployed, and no longer under the care of their former slave owners.  Hence, we must confront what we believe to be the imminent economic collapse of the southern, states [J1] [J1] , which in part was created by this new influx of unemployed freedman.  Our current situation is dealing with the aftermath of Civil War.  Emancipation [J2][J1]  

“South’s per capita wealth in 1865 was only about half what it had been in 1860” (pg.215).  The south has been burned [J2] [J3] to the ground, and is in dire need of reconstruction by implementing laws for everyone; therefore, we must take action and have confidence in our great states’ legislative system to reconstruct the south.  “Several major cities, including Atlanta and Richmond, were gutted by fire” (pg. 215), and factories and railroads were dismantled.  We must ask ourselves, what is obtainable, given the resources easily excess able to reconstruct our once great plantations, railroad, and factories?  We will, the government of our United States by using the capitols already existing.  The people of the land are crying out for the guidance, we will be there to answer.  

            Do we want illiterate freedmen voting for the country’s officials?  It is said we wish for the freedman to lose their right to vote [J3] [J4], but in all actuality, we simply wish to keep the ignorant from having that right.  They have yet to fully understand what exactly they have been given, and until they do, must be kept from making any decisions that can affect the Nation’s Constitution.  A Literacy Test does just that [J4] [J5].  We want everyone to have the rights and freedom stated in the 13^th and 14^th amendments we wish to make sure they qualify to vote and are capable of handling the given responsibility.  The right to vote is a responsibility to have; however, a freedman unable to read English and understand English creating a liability.  [J5] [J6].  A literacy test is needed to separate the citizens that do and do not understand what exactly it means to vote for political leaders.   This will prevent the ignorant from distorting the current or future outcome of any laws, articles, or amendments to come.  Yes, this means only the properly educated citizens will be allowed to vote, but this does not mean that the uneducated shall have their right to vote stripped.  It means the freedman shall lose their right if they fail the literacy test; however, only until they have proven the competence of proper citizenship, by passing a literacy test.  This was not mentioned and might be so it would be later on as a standard to who can vote.  [J7][J5] 

Issues of the freedman’s unemployment can be addressed as a reflection on their character.  [J8][J5]   We would like to impose laws to protect the society as a whole to secure the success of our economically disabled states.  The freedman can pursue contract work, and if he does not have, work will be considered vagrant; these people have no structure and are seen as wanderers.  Each state shall have their own way of dealing with freedmen and, for their own well-being, if deemed vagrant, may be arrested and held.  .  While in confinement, freedman would be given a chance to progress in the new unionized society.  This of course should be seen as an act committed to their own safety, as well as the publics.  The distraught freedman should be kept from entering towns where they are unknown and can be seen as a threat.  We wish to settle them down [J6] [J9], these contracts will do so by giving them a job and a place to live, until they are properly ready to move, and what person has the means to relocate.   To secure their movements, freedman may be seen as separate but equal citizens, their rights to equal facilities, for the general safety of the citizens.  This right to own property or choice of occupation, but will be seen as a necessity.  Necessity [J7] [J10].  Our equal man should be respected for the households they have formed; therefore, giving the freedmen a separate but equal place to express themselves; however, this may lead to the refinement of public places and facilities, as well as set boundaries around their currently qualifying choice of occupations, given their skill needed to efficiently perform employment. Let us be honest about what the majority of freedman capability to be productive citizens.

Our wounded Southern States can and will recover economically with a helping hand.  We have design, and the resource of citizens already occupying these states.  Are we going to let the southern unionized states shrivel up and die?  No- we will work together, initiating laws to enable the freedman structural support to establish them in society.  We will oblige the skills the freedman possesses, supporting employment, and facilitating their need of money, after the destructive Civil War.     

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